Starting with Forex Glossary

I found first Clear To All Forex Glossary Step By Step Today We Starting with (A).

VALUE	DEFINATION
Aggregate demand	Total demand for goods and services in the economy. Aggregate Demand And includes private and public sector Demand and for goods and services within the country, and the demand of consumers and firms in other countries for goods and services.
Aggregate (Risk)	Total exposure a bank has with a customer for both spot and forward contracts.
Aggregate supply	Total supply of goods and services in the economy (including imports) available to meet aggregate demand.
Agio	Difference in the value between currencies. Also used to describe percentage charges for conversion from paper money into cash, or from a weak into a strong currency.
American Option	An option which may be exercised on any valid business date throughout the Life of the option. A European option can only be exercised on a specific date.
Appreciation	Describes a currency strengthening in response to market demand as opposed to increasing in value as a result of official action.
Arbitrage	A risk-free type of trading where the same instrument is bought and sold simultaneously in two different markets in order to cash in on the difference between the markets.
Around	Used in quoting forward “premium/discount”.
Ask Price	The price at which the currency or instrument is offered. Ask is the Lowest price acceptable to the buyer.
Asset	The right to receive from a counterparty an amount of currency either in regards to a balance sheet asset (e.g. a Loan), or at a specified future date in regards to an unmatched Forward or spot deal.
Association Cambiste international	The international society of foreign exchange dealers. consisting of national Forex clubs affiliated on a worldwide basis.
At Best	An instruction given to a dealer to buy or sell at the best rate that is currently available in the market.
At or Better	An order to deal at a specific rate or better.
At Par Forward Spread	When the forward price is equivalent to the spot price.
At the Price Stop-Loss Order	A stop-Loss order that must be executed at the requested Level regard Less of market conditions.
At –The- Money	An option whose strike/exercise price is equal to or near the current market price of the underlying instrument.
Auction	Sale of an item to the highest bidder. (1) A method commonly used in exchange control regimes for the allocation of foreign exchange. (2) A method for allocating government paper, such as US Treasury Bills. Small investors are given preferential access to the bills. The average issuing price is then computed on the basis of the competitive bids accepted. In some circumstances, such as government auctions, it is the yield rather than the price which is bid.
Average Rate Option	A contract where the exercise price is based on the difference between the strike price and the average spot rate over the contract period. Sometimes called an Asian option”.
Aggressor	A trader dealing on an existing price in the market
Ask	The price at which a currency pair or security is offered for sale; the quoted price at which an investor can buy a currency pair. This is also known as the 'offer', 'ask price', and 'ask rate'.

introduction for forex trade

Although currency trading has a long history dating back to the middle ages, it is the changes that we have seen during the twentieth century which have created the Forex market we see today.

During the first half of the twentieth century the British pound was the world's principal trading currency and was the currency held by many as their main 'reserve' currency. As a result, London was also seen as the leading center for foreign exchange. However, the Second World War severely damaged the British economy and so the United States dollar took over as the world's principle trading and reserve currency and retains that position today. This said, there are now a number of other currencies, principally the Yen and the Euro, which are also seen as reserve currencies.

Since the Second World War there have been a number of events

which have proved instrumental in shaping today's Forex

market. Until the start of the Second World War, as we said

The British Pound Sterling was the World’s most prominent

currency.

At the end of the Second World War the World’s economy,

with the exception of the United States of America,

was in disarray.

Representatives from the United States of America, Britain

and France met at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire with

the objective of creating an infrastructure that would allow

the rebuilding of the World’s economy. The result was the

Bretton Woods Accord. The Accord decided that the US Dollar would become the World’s benchmark and all other countries would measure the value of their currencies against it. Part of this agreement was the Gold Standard which fixed the price of Gold at $35 an ounce. All other currencies were pegged to the dollar at a certain rate. This rate was not allowed to fluctuate more than 1% in either direction (higher or lower). If a fluctuation greater than 1% did occur then the relevant central bank had to enter the market and restore the exchange rate to within the accepted band.

The Bretton Woods Accord also set in motion the establishment of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) which was designed to provide a stable system for buying and selling currencies and to ensure that currency transactions could take place smoothly and in a timely fashion.

In addition, the aim of the IMF was to create a consultative forum to promote international co-operation and to facilitate the growth of world trade, while at the same time breaking down exchange restrictions which hindered international trade

It was also part of the established role of the IMF to make financial resources available to member states on a temporary basis where this was considered necessary to further the aims of the IMF. Such loans were normally only made on the understanding that the country concerned would make substantial changes to rectify the situation which gave rise to the need for the loan in the first place.

There are mixed opinions as to whether the Bretton Woods Accord was successful in restoring economic stability to Europe and Japan. Despite this, the agreement eventually failed in 1971. It was superseded by the Smithsonian Agreement.

The Smithsonian Agreement tried to succeed where Bretton Woods had failed. Rather than give a 1% margin, greater room for manoeuvre was introduced. Not long into this agreement, Europe made its first attempt at breaking free from the Dollar dominated system. In 1972 Europe formed the European Joint Float. Member nations included West Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg. This agreement was very similar to Bretton Woods but with a larger band for rate fluctuation.

Just as their predecessors had failed, these agreements were

flawed and subsequently fell apart. However, this time there

was no new agreement to take its place. For the first time

since WWII there was a ‘free float’ system in place.

The value of each currency is now governed completely

by the laws of supply and demand. Large banks, private

companies and individual speculators are all active

participants in the Forex market.

The next major milestone was the establishment of European Monetary System which effectively came into force in 1979. The European Monetary System got off to something of a shaky start when Britain (one of the principle members of the European Community) decided not to join the system and Italy joined only under special arrangements. Britain did however later agree to participate to a limited degree by joining the exchange mechanism of the European Monetary System in 1990.

The final major development to affect the Forex market was the establishment of the Euro as a single currency for European Union member states in 1998 with eleven of the participating states replacing their national currency with the Euro.

Of all these developments it was the free-floating of currencies in 1978 which did more than anything else to boost the growth of the foreign exchange market. In 1978 Forex trading showed a daily turnover of about 5 billion US dollars and this figure rose in the following ten years to reach 600 billion US dollars by 1988. By 1992 this figure had reached 1 trillion US dollars, Today The Forex market has is the largest Trading market with daily turnover of around 2 trillion US dollars